FRIALIT

Studies

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1.1. Clinical Studies

Bruschi GB, Scipioni A, Calesini G, Bruschi E:
Localized management of sinus floor with simultaneous implant placement: A clinical report GERMAN.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 1998; 13 (2): 219-226 [# 495]
Buchmann R, Khoury F, Pingel D, Lange DE:
The microflora recovered from the outer-surfaces of the Frialit-2 implanto-prosthetic connector.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2003; 14 (1): 28-34 [# 504]
Cune M, Burgers M, van Kampen F, de Putter C, van der Bilt A:
Mandibular overdentures retained by two implants: 10-year results from a crossover clinical trial comparing ball-socket and bar-clip attachments.
Int J Prosthodont; 2010; 23 (4): 310-317 [# 9096]
Degidi M, Piattelli A:
Immediate functional and non-functional loading of dental implants: a 2- to 60-month follow-up study of 646 titanium implants.
Journal of periodontology; 2003; 74 (2): 225-241
Engel E, Gomez-Roman G, Axmann-Krcmar D:
Effect of occlusal wear on bone loss and Periotest value of dental implants.
Int J Prosthodont; 2001; 14 (5): 444-450 [# 1050]
Gomez-Roman G, Schulte W, d'Hoedt B, Axman-Krcmar D:
The Frialit-2 implant system: five-year clinical experience in single-tooth and immediately postextraction applications.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 1997; 12 (3): 299-309 [# 1385]
Gomez-Roman G, Kruppenbacher M, Weber H, Schulte W:
Immediate postextraction implant placement with root-analog stepped implants: surgical procedure and statistical outcome after 6 years.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2001; 16 (4): 503-513 [# 1378]
Khoury F:
Augmentation of the sinus floor with mandibular bone block and simultaneous implantation: a 6-year clinical investigation.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 1999; 14 (4): 557-564
Krennmair G, Piehslinger E, Wagner H:
Status of teeth adjacent to single-tooth implants.
Int J Prosthodont; 2003; 16 (5): 524-528 [# 6918]
Lachmann S, Kimmerle-Muller E, Gehring K, Axmann D, Gomez-Roman G, Watzek G, Weber H:
A comparison of implant-supported, bar- or ball-retained mandibular overdentures: a retrospective clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic study of 10 edentulous patients attending a recall visit.
Int J Prosthodont; 2007; 20 (1): 37-42 [# 2113]
Lachmann S, Kimmerle-Muller E, Axmann D, Gomez-Roman G, Weber H, Haas R:
Reliability of findings around healthy implants in association with oral hygiene measures: a clinical, microbiological, and immunological follow-up in edentulous patients.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2007; 18 (6): 686-698 [# 2112]
Lorenzoni M, Pertl C, Zhang K, Wimmer G, Wegscheider WA:
Immediate loading of single-tooth implants in the anterior maxilla. Preliminary results after one year.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2003; 14 (2): 180-187 [# 6553]
Maiorana C, Redemagni M, Rabagliati M, Salina S:
Treatment of maxillary ridge resorption by sinus augmentation with iliac cancellous bone, anorganic bovine bone, and endosseous implants: a clinical and histologic report.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2000; 15 (6): 873-878 [# 2294]
Maiorana C, Santoro F:
Maxillary and mandibular bone reconstruction with hip grafts and implants using Frialit-2 implants.
The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry; 2002; 22 (3): 221-229 [# 2296]
Maiorana C, Sigurta D, Mirandola A, Garlini G, Santoro F:
Sinus elevation with alloplasts or xenogenic materials and implants: an up-to-4-year clinical and radiologic follow-up.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2006; 21 (3): 426-432 [# 2297]
Nisapakultorn K, Suphanantachat S, Silkosessak O, Rattanamongkolgul S:
Factors affecting soft tissue level around anterior maxillary single-tooth implants.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2010; 21 (6): 662-670 [# 9035]
Nothdurft F, Pospiech P:
Prefabricated zirconium dioxide implant abutments for single-tooth replacement in the posterior region: evaluation of peri-implant tissues and superstructures after 12 months of function.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2010; 21 (8): 857-865 [# 9104]
Tang Z, Sha Y, Lin Y:
[Clinical and radiographic evaluation of 108 dental implants after 1-year loading].
Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi; 2001; 36 (1): 17-19 [# 3715]
Viscioni A, Franco M, Rigo L, Guidi R, Brunelli G, Carinci F:
Implants inserted into homografts bearing fixed restorations.
Int J Prosthodont; 2009; 22 (2): 148-154 [# 7334]

1.2. Randomized Clinical Trials (RCT)

Lindeboom JA, Tjiook Y, Kroon FH:
Immediate placement of implants in periapical infected sites: a prospective randomized study in 50 patients.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod; 2006; 101 (6): 705-710 [# 2210]
Ottoni JM, Oliveira ZF, Mansini R, Cabral AM:
Correlation between placement torque and survival of single-tooth implants.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2005; 20 (5): 769-776 [# 6555]

1.3. Prospective Studies

Degidi M, Piattelli A:
7-year follow-up of 93 immediately loaded titanium dental implants.
The Journal of oral implantology; 2005; 31 (1): 25-31 [# 816]
Degidi M, Piattelli A, Gehrke P, Felice P, Carinci F:
Five-year outcome of 111 immediate nonfunctional single restorations.
The Journal of oral implantology; 2006; 32 (6): 277-285 [# 7514]
Lindeboom JA, Tjiook Y, Kroon FH:
Immediate placement of implants in periapical infected sites: a prospective randomized study in 50 patients.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod; 2006; 101 (6): 705-710 [# 2210]
Lorenzoni M, Pertl C, Zhang K, Wegscheider WA:
In-patient comparison of immediately loaded and non-loaded implants within 6 months.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2003; 14 (3): 273-279 [# 2254]
Moheng P, Feryn JM:
Clinical and biologic factors related to oral implant failure: a 2-year follow-up study.
Implant Dent; 2005; 14 (3): 281-288 [# 2470]
Ottoni JM, Oliveira ZF, Mansini R, Cabral AM:
Correlation between placement torque and survival of single-tooth implants.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2005; 20 (5): 769-776 [# 6555]
Payer M, Heschl A, Wimmer G, Wegscheider W, Kirmeier R, Lorenzoni M:
Immediate provisional restoration of screw-type implants in the posterior mandible: results after 5 years of clinical function.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2010; 21 (8): 815-821 [# 9102]
Weibrich G, Streckbein P, Krummenauer F, Wagner W:
Clinical report with up to 4 years of follow-up on a cervically modified stepped screw-type implant.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2006; 21 (5): 795-800 [# 4065]

1.4. Retrospective Studies

Degidi M, Piattelli A, Felice P, Carinci F:
Immediate functional loading of edentulous maxilla: a 5-year retrospective study of 388 titanium implants.
Journal of periodontology; 2005; 76 (6): 1016-1024
Degidi M, Piattelli A, Carinci F:
Immediate loaded dental implants: comparison between fixtures inserted in postextractive and healed bone sites.
J Craniofac Surg; 2007; 18 (4): 965-971 [# 6301]
Degidi M, Piattelli A, Iezzi G, Carinci F:
Retrospective study of 200 immediately loaded implants retaining 50 mandibular overdentures.
Quintessence Int; 2007; 38 (4): 281-288 [# 5074]
Krennmair G, Schmidinger S, Waldenberger O:
Single-tooth replacement with the Frialit-2 system: a retrospective clinical analysis of 146 implants.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2002; 17 (1): 78-85 [# 2072]
Krennmair G, Waldenberger O:
Clinical analysis of wide-diameter frialit-2 implants.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2004; 19 (5): 710-715 [# 2076]
Krennmair G, Waldenberger O:
[P89] A clinical analysis of wide frialit 2 implants.
Clinical Oral Implants Research - Poster presentation at the 14th EAO Munich; 2005; 16 (4): xlviii [# 2077]
Krennmair G, Krainhofner M, Waldenberger O, Piehslinger E:
Dental implants as strategic supplementary abutments for implant-tooth-supported telescopic crown-retained maxillary dentures: a retrospective follow-up study for up to 9 years.
Int J Prosthodont; 2007; 20 (6): 617-622
Krennmair G, Krainhofner M, Piehslinger E:
Implant-supported maxillary overdentures retained with milled bars: maxillary anterior versus maxillary posterior concept--a retrospective study.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2008; 23 (2): 343-352 [# 6707]
Lin Y, Li JH, Qiu LX, Di P, Hu XL, Wang X:
[A clinical retrospective study of 10 years implant results].
Chin J Stomatol Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi; 2006; 41 (3): 131-135 [# 2204]
Lindenmüller IH, Lambrecht JT:
[Sinus floor elevation and implantation - a retrospective study].
Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed; 2006; 116 (2): 142-149 [# 5233]
Lorenzoni M, Pertl C, Wegscheider W, Keil C, Penkner K, Polansky R, Bratschko RO:
Retrospective analysis of Frialit-2 implants in the augmented sinus.
The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry; 2000; 20 (3): 255-267 [# 2252]
Marchetti C, Pieri F, Corinaldesi G, Degidi M:
A Long-term Retrospective Study of Two Different Implant Surfaces Placed after Reconstruction of the Severely Resorbed Maxilla using Le Fort I Osteotomy and Interpositional Bone Grafting.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2008; 23 (5): 911-918 [# 5709]
Noack N, Willer J, Hoffmann J:
Long-term results after placement of dental implants: longitudinal study of 1,964 implants over 16 years.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 1999; 14 (5): 748-755 [# 2717]
Perry J, Lenchewski E:
Clinical performance and 5-year retrospective evaluation of Frialit-2 implants.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2004; 19 (6): 887-891 [# 2899]
Ricci G, Aimetti M, Stablum W, Guasti A:
Crestal bone resorption 5 years after implant loading: clinical and radiologic results with a 2-stage implant system.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2004; 19 (4): 597-602 [# 3087]
Simon RL:
Single implant-supported molar and premolar crowns: a ten-year retrospective clinical report.
J Prosthet Dent; 2003; 90 (6): 517-521 [# 3540]
Strietzel FP, Nowak M:
[Changes in the alveolar ridge level in implantation using the osteotomy technic. Retrospective studies].
Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir; 1999; 3 (6): 309-313
Strietzel FP, Lange KP, Svegar M, Hartmann HJ, Kuchler I:
Retrospective evaluation of the success of oral rehabilitation using the Frialit-2 implant system. Part 1: Influence of topographic and surgical parameters.
Int J Prosthodont; 2004; 17 (2): 187-194 [# 6356]
Wheeler S:
Use of the Frialit-2 Implant System in private practice: a clinical report.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2003; 18 (4): 552-555 [# 4142]

1.5. Literature Reviews

Albrektsson T, Wennerberg A:
Oral implant surfaces: Part 2--review focusing on clinical knowledge of different surfaces.
Int J Prosthodont; 2004; 17 (5): 544-564 [# 7810]
Albrektsson T, Sennerby L, Wennerberg A:
State of the art of oral implants.
Periodontol 2000; 2008; 47 (1): 15-26 [# 5112]
Alsabeeha N, Payne AG, De Silva RK, Swain MV:
Mandibular single-implant overdentures: a review with surgical and prosthodontic perspectives of a novel approach.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2009; 20 (4): 356-365 [# 7308]
Atieh MA, Atieh AH, Payne AG, Duncan WJ:
Immediate Loading with Single Implant Crowns: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Int J Prosthodont; 2009; 22 (4): 378-387 [# 7381]
Atieh MA, Payne AG, Duncan WJ, Cullinan MP:
Immediate restoration/loading of immediately placed single implants: is it an effective bimodal approach?
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2009; 20 (7): 645-659 [# 7382]
Donos N, Mardas N, Chadha V:
Clinical outcomes of implants following lateral bone augmentation: systematic assessment of available options (barrier membranes, bone grafts, split osteotomy).
J Clin Periodontol; 2008; 35 (8 Suppl): 173-202 [# 7942]
Gallucci GO, Morton D, Weber HP:
Loading protocols for dental implants in edentulous patients.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2009; 24 Suppl 132-146 [# 8584]
Grutter L, Belser UC:
Implant loading protocols for the partially edentulous esthetic zone.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2009; 24 Suppl 169-179 [# 9045]
Janssen KI, Raghoebar GM, Vissink A, Sandham A:
Skeletal anchorage in orthodontics - a review of various systems in animal and human studies.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2008; 23 (1): 75-88 [# 5175]
Jung RE, Schneider D, Ganeles J, Wismeijer D, Zwahlen M, Hammerle CH, Tahmaseb A:
Computer technology applications in surgical implant dentistry: a systematic review.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2009; 24 Suppl 92-109 [# 9043]
Junker R, Dimakis A, Thoneick M, Jansen JA:
Effects of implant surface coatings and composition on bone integration: a systematic review.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2009; 20 Suppl 4 185-206 [# 7322]
Kohal RJ, Att W, Bachle M, Butz F:
Ceramic abutments and ceramic oral implants. An update.
Periodontol 2000; 2008; 47 224-243 [# 6579]
Nkenke E, Fenner M:
Indications for immediate loading of implants and implant success.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2006; 17 Suppl 2 19-34 [# 2697]
Nkenke E, Stelzle F:
Clinical outcomes of sinus floor augmentation for implant placement using autogenous bone or bone substitutes: a systematic review.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2009; 20 Suppl 4 124-133 [# 8035]
Östman PO:
Immediate/early loading of dental implants. Clinical documentation and presentation of a treatment concept.
Periodontol 2000; 2008; 47 90-112 [# 5204]
Pjetursson BE, Tan WC, Zwahlen M, Lang NP:
A systematic review of the success of sinus floor elevation and survival of implants inserted in combination with sinus floor elevation.
J Clin Periodontol; 2008; 35 (8 Suppl): 216-240 [# 7512]
Rocchietta I, Fontana F, Simion M:
Clinical outcomes of vertical bone augmentation to enable dental implant placement: a systematic review.
J Clin Periodontol; 2008; 35 (8 Suppl): 203-215 [# 7513]
Sailer I, Philipp A, Zembic A, Pjetursson BE, Hammerle CH, Zwahlen M:
A systematic review of the performance of ceramic and metal implant abutments supporting fixed implant reconstructions.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2009; 20 Suppl 4 4-31 [# 7363]
Tan WC, Lang NP, Zwahlen M, Pjetursson BE:
A systematic review of the success of sinus floor elevation and survival of implants inserted in combination with sinus floor elevation. Part II: transalveolar technique.
J Clin Periodontol; 2008; 35 (8 Suppl): 241-254 [# 7511]
Theoharidou A, Petridis HP, Tzannas K, Garefis P:
Abutment screw loosening in single-implant restorations: a systematic review.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2008; 23 (4): 681-690 [# 5915]
Weber H-P, Sukotjo C:
Does the Type of Implant Prosthesis Affect Outcomes in the Partially Edentulous Patient?
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2007; 22 (suppl) (0): 140-172

Clinical Evaluation

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2.1. Success Rates

Bruschi GB, Scipioni A, Calesini G, Bruschi E:
Localized management of sinus floor with simultaneous implant placement: A clinical report DEUTSCH.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 1998; 13 (2): 219-226
Degidi M, Piattelli A:
7-year follow-up of 93 immediately loaded titanium dental implants.
The Journal of oral implantology; 2005; 31 (1): 25-31
Degidi M, Piattelli A, Gehrke P, Felice P, Carinci F:
Five-year outcome of 111 immediate nonfunctional single restorations.
The Journal of oral implantology; 2006; 32 (6): 277-285
Degidi M, Piattelli A, Carinci F:
Immediate loaded dental implants: comparison between fixtures inserted in postextractive and healed bone sites.
J Craniofac Surg; 2007; 18 (4): 965-971
Degidi M, Piattelli A, Iezzi G, Carinci F:
Immediately loaded short implants: analysis of a case series of 133 implants.
Quintessence Int; 2007; 38 (3): 193-201
Degidi M, Piattelli A, Iezzi G, Carinci F:
Retrospective study of 200 immediately loaded implants retaining 50 mandibular overdentures.
Quintessence Int; 2007; 38 (4): 281-288
Gallucci GO, Morton D, Weber HP:
Loading protocols for dental implants in edentulous patients.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2009; 24 Suppl 132-146
Gomez-Roman G, Kruppenbacher M, Weber H, Schulte W:
Immediate postextraction implant placement with root-analog stepped implants: surgical procedure and statistical outcome after 6 years.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2001; 16 (4): 503-513
Krennmair G, Piehslinger E, Wagner H:
Status of teeth adjacent to single-tooth implants.
Int J Prosthodont; 2003; 16 (5): 524-528
Maiorana C, Santoro F:
Maxillary and mandibular bone reconstruction with hip grafts and implants using Frialit-2 implants.
The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry; 2002; 22 (3): 221-229
Ottoni JM, Oliveira ZF, Mansini R, Cabral AM:
Correlation between placement torque and survival of single-tooth implants.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2005; 20 (5): 769-776
Perry J, Lenchewski E:
Clinical performance and 5-year retrospective evaluation of Frialit-2 implants.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2004; 19 (6): 887-891
Ricci G, Aimetti M, Stablum W, Guasti A:
Crestal bone resorption 5 years after implant loading: clinical and radiologic results with a 2-stage implant system.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2004; 19 (4): 597-602
Strietzel FP, Lange KP, Svegar M, Hartmann HJ, Kuchler I:
Retrospective evaluation of the success of oral rehabilitation using the Frialit-2 implant system. Part 1: Influence of topographic and surgical parameters.
Int J Prosthodont; 2004; 17 (2): 187-194
Tang Z, Sha Y, Lin Y:
[Clinical and radiographic evaluation of 108 dental implants after 1-year loading].
Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi; 2001; 36 (1): 17-19
Wheeler S:
Use of the Frialit-2 Implant System in private practice: a clinical report.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2003; 18 (4): 552-555

2.2. Periotest

Gomez-Roman G, Lukas D:
Influence of the implant abutment on the Periotest value: an in vivo study.
Quintessence Int; 2001; 32 (10): 797-799

2.3. The Peri-implant Bone

Lorenzoni M, Pertl C, Wegscheider W, Keil C, Penkner K, Polansky R, Bratschko RO:
Retrospective analysis of Frialit-2 implants in the augmented sinus.
The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry; 2000; 20 (3): 255-267
Ricci G, Aimetti M, Stablum W, Guasti A:
Crestal bone resorption 5 years after implant loading: clinical and radiologic results with a 2-stage implant system.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2004; 19 (4): 597-602
Weibrich G, Streckbein P, Krummenauer F, Wagner W:
Clinical report with up to 4 years of follow-up on a cervically modified stepped screw-type implant.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2006; 21 (5): 795-800

Histological Studies

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3.1. Human Studies

Degidi M, Scarano A, Petrone G, Piattelli A:
Histologic analysis of clinically retrieved immediately loaded titanium implants: a report of 11 cases.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res; 2003; 5 (2): 89-93
Romanos GE, Testori T, Degidi M, Piattelli A:
Histologic and Histomorphometric Findings From Retrieved, Immediately Occlusally Loaded Implants in Humans.
Journal of periodontology; 2005; 76 (11): 1823-1832
Traini T, Degidi M, Iezzi G, Artese L, Piattelli A:
Comparative evaluation of the peri-implant bone tissue mineral density around unloaded titanium dental implants.
J Dent; 2007; 35 (1): 84-92
Turkyilmaz I, Sennerby L, Yilmaz B, Bilecenoglu B, Ozbek EN:
Influence of defect depth on resonance frequency analysis and insertion torque values for implants placed in fresh extraction sockets: a human cadaver study.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res; 2009; 11 (1): 52-58

3.2. Animal Studies

Aral A, Yalcin S, Karabuda ZC, Anil A, Jansen JA, Mutlu Z:
Injectable calcium phosphate cement as a graft material for maxillary sinus augmentation: an experimental pilot study.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2008; 19 (6): 612-617
Arisan V, Ozdemir T, Anil A, Jansen JA, Ozer K:
Injectable calcium phosphate cement as a bone-graft material around peri-implant dehiscence defects: a dog study.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2008; 23 (6): 1053-1062
Arisan V, Anil A, Wolke JG, Ozer K:
The effect of injectable calcium phosphate cement on bone anchorage of titanium implants: an experimental feasibility study in dogs.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg; 2010;
Deppe H, Wagenpfeil S, Donath K:
Comparative value of attachment measurements in implant dentistry.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2004; 19 (2): 208-215
Dortbudak O, Haas R, Mailath-Pokorny G:
Effect of low-power laser irradiation on bony implant sites.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2002; 13 (3): 288-292
Marcaccini AM, Novaes AB, Jr., Souza SL, Taba M, Jr., Grisi MF:
Immediate placement of implants into periodontally infected sites in dogs. Part 2: A fluorescence microscopy study.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2003; 18 (6): 812-819
Nergiz I, Arpak N, Bostanci H, Scorziello TM, Schmage P:
Stability of loaded and unloaded implants with different surfaces.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2009; 24 (2): 289-298
Nkenke E, Kloss F, Wiltfang J, Schultze-Mosgau S, Radespiel-Troger M, Loos K, Neukam FW:
Histomorphometric and fluorescence microscopic analysis of bone remodelling after installation of implants using an osteotome technique.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2002; 13 (6): 595-602
Novaes AB, Jr., Papalexiou V, Grisi MF, Souza SS, Taba M, Jr., Kajiwara JK:
Influence of implant microstructure on the osseointegration of immediate implants placed in periodontally infected sites. A histomorphometric study in dogs.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2004; 15 (1): 34-43
Novaes Jr AB, Marcaccini AM, Souza SL, Taba M, Jr., Grisi MF:
Immediate placement of implants into periodontally infected sites in dogs: a histomorphometric study of bone-implant contact.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2003; 18 (3): 391-398
Papalexiou V, Novaes AB, Grisi MF, Souza SS, Taba M, Kajiwara JK:
Influence of implant microstructure on the dynamics of bone healing around immediate implants placed into periodontally infected sites.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2004; 15 (1): 44-53
Rimondini L, Bruschi GB, Scipioni A, Carrassi A, Nicoli-Aldini N, Giavaresi G, Fini M, Mortellaro C, Giardino R:
Tissue healing in implants immediately placed into postextraction sockets: a pilot study in a mini-pig model.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod; 2005; 100 (3): e43-50
Schlegel KA, Fichtner G, Schultze-Mosgau S, Wiltfang J:
Histologic findings in sinus augmentation with autogenous bone chips versus a bovine bone substitute.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2003; 18 (1): 53-58
Stadlinger B, Pilling E, Mai R, Bierbaum S, Berhardt R, Scharnweber D, Eckelt U:
Effect of biological implant surface coatings on bone formation, applying collagen, proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans and growth factors.
J Mater Sci Mater Med; 2007;
Stadlinger B, Pilling E, Huhle M, Mai R, Bierbaum S, Scharnweber D, Kuhlisch E, Loukota R, Eckelt U:
Evaluation of osseointegration of dental implants coated with collagen, chondroitin sulphate and BMP-4: an animal study.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg; 2008; 37 (1): 54-59
Traini T, Novaes AB, Jr., Papalexiou V, Piattelli A:
Influence of interimplant distance on bone microstructure: a histomorphometric study in dogs.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res; 2008; 10 (1): 1-10
Traini T, Novaes AB, Piattelli A, Papalexiou V, Muglia VA:
The relationship between interimplant distances and vascularization of the interimplant bone.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2010; 21 (8): 822-829

Treatment

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4.1. Immediate Loading

Degidi M, Scarano A, Petrone G, Piattelli A:
Histologic analysis of clinically retrieved immediately loaded titanium implants: a report of 11 cases.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res; 2003; 5 (2): 89-93 [# 838]
Degidi M, Piattelli A:
Immediate functional and non-functional loading of dental implants: a 2- to 60-month follow-up study of 646 titanium implants.
Journal of periodontology; 2003; 74 (2): 225-241
Degidi M, Piattelli A:
7-year follow-up of 93 immediately loaded titanium dental implants.
The Journal of oral implantology; 2005; 31 (1): 25-31 [# 816]
Degidi M, Piattelli A, Felice P, Carinci F:
Immediate functional loading of edentulous maxilla: a 5-year retrospective study of 388 titanium implants.
Journal of periodontology; 2005; 76 (6): 1016-1024
Degidi M, Piattelli A, Gehrke P, Felice P, Carinci F:
Five-year outcome of 111 immediate nonfunctional single restorations.
The Journal of oral implantology; 2006; 32 (6): 277-285 [# 7514]
Degidi M, Piattelli A, Carinci F:
Immediate loaded dental implants: comparison between fixtures inserted in postextractive and healed bone sites.
J Craniofac Surg; 2007; 18 (4): 965-971 [# 6301]
Degidi M, Piattelli A, Iezzi G, Carinci F:
Immediately loaded short implants: analysis of a case series of 133 implants.
Quintessence Int; 2007; 38 (3): 193-201 [# 5445]
Ganeles J, Rosenberg MM, Holt RL, Reichman LH:
Immediate loading of implants with fixed restorations in the completely edentulous mandible: report of 27 patients from a private practice.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2001; 16 (3): 418-426 [# 9228]
Garber DA, Salama MA, Salama H:
Immediate total tooth replacement.
Compend Contin Educ Dent; 2001; 22 (3): 210-216, 218 [# 1276]
Gomez-Roman G, Schulte W, d'Hoedt B, Axman-Krcmar D:
The Frialit-2 implant system: five-year clinical experience in single-tooth and immediately postextraction applications.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 1997; 12 (3): 299-309 [# 1385]
Lindeboom JA, Tjiook Y, Kroon FH:
Immediate placement of implants in periapical infected sites: a prospective randomized study in 50 patients.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod; 2006; 101 (6): 705-710 [# 2210]
Lorenzoni M, Pertl C, Zhang K, Wegscheider WA:
In-patient comparison of immediately loaded and non-loaded implants within 6 months.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2003; 14 (3): 273-279 [# 2254]
Nkenke E, Fenner M:
Indications for immediate loading of implants and implant success.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2006; 17 Suppl 2 19-34 [# 2697]
Östman PO:
Immediate/early loading of dental implants. Clinical documentation and presentation of a treatment concept.
Periodontol 2000; 2008; 47 90-112 [# 5204]
Payer M, Heschl A, Wimmer G, Wegscheider W, Kirmeier R, Lorenzoni M:
Immediate provisional restoration of screw-type implants in the posterior mandible: results after 5 years of clinical function.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2010; 21 (8): 815-821 [# 9102]
Ricci G, Aimetti M, Stablum W, Guasti A:
Crestal bone resorption 5 years after implant loading: clinical and radiologic results with a 2-stage implant system.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2004; 19 (4): 597-602 [# 3087]
Rimondini L, Bruschi GB, Scipioni A, Carrassi A, Nicoli-Aldini N, Giavaresi G, Fini M, Mortellaro C, Giardino R:
Tissue healing in implants immediately placed into postextraction sockets: a pilot study in a mini-pig model.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod; 2005; 100 (3): e43-50 [# 3097]
Romanos GE, Testori T, Degidi M, Piattelli A:
Histologic and Histomorphometric Findings From Retrieved, Immediately Occlusally Loaded Implants in Humans.
Journal of periodontology; 2005; 76 (11): 1823-1832 [# 7555]

4.2. Augmentation and Sinus Lift

Bruschi GB, Scipioni A, Calesini G, Bruschi E:
Localized management of sinus floor with simultaneous implant placement: A clinical report DEUTSCH.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 1998; 13 (2): 219-226 [# 495]
Buchmann R, Khoury F, Faust C, Lange DE:
Peri-implant conditions in periodontally compromised patients following maxillary sinus augmentation. A long-term post-therapy trial.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 1999; 10 (2): 103-110 [# 503]
Khoury F:
Augmentation of the sinus floor with mandibular bone block and simultaneous implantation: a 6-year clinical investigation.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 1999; 14 (4): 557-564 [# 1893]
Kirmeier R, Payer M, Wehrschuetz M, Jakse N, Platzer S, Lorenzoni M:
Evaluation of three-dimensional changes after sinus floor augmentation with different grafting materials.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2008; 19 (4): 366-372 [# 7564]
Lindenmüller IH, Lambrecht JT:
[Sinus floor elevation and implantation - a retrospective study].
Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed; 2006; 116 (2): 142-149 [# 5233]
Lorenzoni M, Pertl C, Wegscheider W, Keil C, Penkner K, Polansky R, Bratschko RO:
Retrospective analysis of Frialit-2 implants in the augmented sinus.
The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry; 2000; 20 (3): 255-267 [# 2252]
Maiorana C, Redemagni M, Rabagliati M, Salina S:
Treatment of maxillary ridge resorption by sinus augmentation with iliac cancellous bone, anorganic bovine bone, and endosseous implants: a clinical and histologic report.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2000; 15 (6): 873-878 [# 2294]
Maiorana C, Santoro F:
Maxillary and mandibular bone reconstruction with hip grafts and implants using Frialit-2 implants.
The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry; 2002; 22 (3): 221-229 [# 2296]
Maiorana C, Sigurta D, Mirandola A, Garlini G, Santoro F:
Sinus elevation with alloplasts or xenogenic materials and implants: an up-to-4-year clinical and radiologic follow-up.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2006; 21 (3): 426-432 [# 2297]
Marchetti C, Pieri F, Corinaldesi G, Degidi M:
A Long-term Retrospective Study of Two Different Implant Surfaces Placed after Reconstruction of the Severely Resorbed Maxilla using Le Fort I Osteotomy and Interpositional Bone Grafting.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2008; 23 (5): 911-918 [# 5709]
Nkenke E, Stelzle F:
Clinical outcomes of sinus floor augmentation for implant placement using autogenous bone or bone substitutes: a systematic review.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2009; 20 Suppl 4 124-133 [# 8035]
Pjetursson BE, Tan WC, Zwahlen M, Lang NP:
A systematic review of the success of sinus floor elevation and survival of implants inserted in combination with sinus floor elevation.
J Clin Periodontol; 2008; 35 (8 Suppl): 216-240 [# 7512]
Rocchietta I, Fontana F, Simion M:
Clinical outcomes of vertical bone augmentation to enable dental implant placement: a systematic review.
J Clin Periodontol; 2008; 35 (8 Suppl): 203-215 [# 7513]
Sforza NM, Marzadori M, Zucchelli G:
Simplified osteotome sinus augmentation technique with simultaneous implant placement: a clinical study.
The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry; 2008; 28 (3): 291-299 [# 5550]
Strietzel FP, Nowak M:
[Changes in the alveolar ridge level in implantation using the osteotomy technic. Retrospective studies].
Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir; 1999; 3 (6): 309-313
Tan WC, Lang NP, Zwahlen M, Pjetursson BE:
A systematic review of the success of sinus floor elevation and survival of implants inserted in combination with sinus floor elevation. Part II: transalveolar technique.
J Clin Periodontol; 2008; 35 (8 Suppl): 241-254 [# 7511]
Viscioni A, Franco M, Rigo L, Guidi R, Brunelli G, Carinci F:
Implants inserted into homografts bearing fixed restorations.
Int J Prosthodont; 2009; 22 (2): 148-154 [# 7334]
Zhao BD, Li NY, Xu JS, Bu LX, Wang YH:
[Maxillary sinus lifting and simultaneously placement of implants from the top of alveoli].
Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi; 2003; 38 (4): 251-253 [# 4270]

4.3. Impressions

Gomez-Roman G, Schulte W, d'Hoedt B, Axman-Krcmar D:
The Frialit-2 implant system: five-year clinical experience in single-tooth and immediately postextraction applications.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 1997; 12 (3): 299-309 [# 1385]
Kosinski T:
Single tooth-by-tooth crowns over Frialit-2 implants.
The Journal of oral implantology; 2000; 26 (1): 20-27; discussion 28 [# 2033]
Krennmair G, Schmidinger S, Waldenberger O:
Single-tooth replacement with the Frialit-2 system: a retrospective clinical analysis of 146 implants.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2002; 17 (1): 78-85 [# 2072]
Lee YJ, Heo SJ, Koak JY, Kim SK:
Accuracy of different impression techniques for internal-connection implants.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2009; 24 (5): 823-830 [# 9088]
Lorenzoni M, Pertl C, Penkner K, Polansky R, Sedaj B, Wegscheider WA:
Comparison of the transfer precision of three different impression materials in combination with transfer caps for the Frialit-2 system.
J Oral Rehabil; 2000; 27 (7): 629-638 [# 2249]
Nisapakultorn K, Suphanantachat S, Silkosessak O, Rattanamongkolgul S:
Factors affecting soft tissue level around anterior maxillary single-tooth implants.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2010; 21 (6): 662-670 [# 9035]
Noack N, Willer J, Hoffmann J:
Long-term results after placement of dental implants: longitudinal study of 1,964 implants over 16 years.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 1999; 14 (5): 748-755 [# 2717]
Simon RL:
Single implant-supported molar and premolar crowns: a ten-year retrospective clinical report.
J Prosthet Dent; 2003; 90 (6): 517-521 [# 3540]
Wenz HJ, Hertrampf K:
Accuracy of impressions and casts using different implant impression techniques in a multi-implant system with an internal hex connection.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2008; 23 (1): 39-47 [# 5360]

4.4. Prosthetic Restoration

Cune M, Burgers M, van Kampen F, de Putter C, van der Bilt A:
Mandibular overdentures retained by two implants: 10-year results from a crossover clinical trial comparing ball-socket and bar-clip attachments.
Int J Prosthodont; 2010; 23 (4): 310-317 [# 9096]
Degidi M, Piattelli A, Gehrke P, Felice P, Carinci F:
Five-year outcome of 111 immediate nonfunctional single restorations.
The Journal of oral implantology; 2006; 32 (6): 277-285 [# 7514]
Degidi M, Piattelli A, Iezzi G, Carinci F:
Retrospective study of 200 immediately loaded implants retaining 50 mandibular overdentures.
Quintessence Int; 2007; 38 (4): 281-288 [# 5074]
Engel E, Gomez-Roman G, Axmann-Krcmar D:
Effect of occlusal wear on bone loss and Periotest value of dental implants.
Int J Prosthodont; 2001; 14 (5): 444-450 [# 1050]
Gallucci GO, Morton D, Weber HP:
Loading protocols for dental implants in edentulous patients.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2009; 24 Suppl 132-146 [# 8584]
Ganeles J, Rosenberg MM, Holt RL, Reichman LH:
Immediate loading of implants with fixed restorations in the completely edentulous mandible: report of 27 patients from a private practice.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2001; 16 (3): 418-426 [# 9228]
Garber DA, Salama MA, Salama H:
Immediate total tooth replacement.
Compend Contin Educ Dent; 2001; 22 (3): 210-216, 218 [# 1276]
Karabuda C, Yaltirik M, Bayraktar M:
A clinical comparison of prosthetic complications of implant-supported overdentures with different attachment systems.
Implant Dent; 2008; 17 (1): 74-81 [# 5363]
Krennmair G, Ulm C:
The symphyseal single-tooth implant for anchorage of a mandibular complete denture in geriatric patients: a clinical report.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2001; 16 (1): 98-104 [# 5895]
Krennmair G, Piehslinger E, Wagner H:
Status of teeth adjacent to single-tooth implants.
Int J Prosthodont; 2003; 16 (5): 524-528 [# 6918]
Krennmair G, Krainhofner M, Waldenberger O, Piehslinger E:
Dental implants as strategic supplementary abutments for implant-tooth-supported telescopic crown-retained maxillary dentures: a retrospective follow-up study for up to 9 years.
Int J Prosthodont; 2007; 20 (6): 617-622
Krennmair G, Krainhofner M, Piehslinger E:
Implant-supported maxillary overdentures retained with milled bars: maxillary anterior versus maxillary posterior concept - a retrospective study.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2008; 23 (2): 343-352 [# 6707]
Lachmann S, Kimmerle-Muller E, Gehring K, Axmann D, Gomez-Roman G, Watzek G, Weber H:
A comparison of implant-supported, bar- or ball-retained mandibular overdentures: a retrospective clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic study of 10 edentulous patients attending a recall visit.
Int J Prosthodont; 2007; 20 (1): 37-42 [# 2113]
Lachmann S, Kimmerle-Muller E, Axmann D, Gomez-Roman G, Weber H, Haas R:
Reliability of findings around healthy implants in association with oral hygiene measures: a clinical, microbiological, and immunological follow-up in edentulous patients.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2007; 18 (6): 686-698 [# 2112]
Lorenzoni M, Pertl C, Zhang K, Wimmer G, Wegscheider WA:
Immediate loading of single-tooth implants in the anterior maxilla. Preliminary results after one year.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2003; 14 (2): 180-187 [# 6553]
Nisapakultorn K, Suphanantachat S, Silkosessak O, Rattanamongkolgul S:
Factors affecting soft tissue level around anterior maxillary single-tooth implants.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2010; 21 (6): 662-670 [# 9035]
Nothdurft F, Pospiech P:
Prefabricated zirconium dioxide implant abutments for single-tooth replacement in the posterior region: evaluation of peri-implant tissues and superstructures after 12 months of function.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2010; 21 (8): 857-865 [# 9104]
Ottoni JM, Oliveira ZF, Mansini R, Cabral AM:
Correlation between placement torque and survival of single-tooth implants.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2005; 20 (5): 769-776 [# 6555]
Vergara JA, Caffesse RG:
Immediate replacement of single upper posterior teeth: a report of cases.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res; 2003; 5 (2): 130-136 [# 7249]
Weber H-P, Sukotjo C:
Does the Type of Implant Prosthesis Affect Outcomes in the Partially Edentulous Patient?
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2007; 22 (suppl) (0): 140-172
Weibrich G, Streckbein P, Krummenauer F, Wagner W:
Clinical report with up to 4 years of follow-up on a cervically modified stepped screw-type implant.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2006; 21 (5): 795-800 [# 4065]

4.5. Orthodontics

Janssen KI, Raghoebar GM, Vissink A, Sandham A:
Skeletal anchorage in orthodontics - a review of various systems in animal and human studies.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2008; 23 (1): 75-88 [# 5175]
Tosun T, Keles A, Erverdi N:
Method for the placement of palatal implants.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2002; 17 (1): 95-100 [# 5085]

4.6. Patient Satisfaction

Buch RS, Weibrich G, Wegener J, Wagner W:
[Patient satisfaction with dental implants].
Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir; 2002; 6 (6): 433-436 [# 501]
Cune M, Burgers M, van Kampen F, de Putter C, van der Bilt A:
Mandibular overdentures retained by two implants: 10-year results from a crossover clinical trial comparing ball-socket and bar-clip attachments.
Int J Prosthodont; 2010; 23 (4): 310-317 [# 9096]

Implant Design

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5.1. FRIALIT – the Surface

Albrektsson T, Wennerberg A:
Oral implant surfaces: Part 2 - review focusing on clinical knowledge of different surfaces.
Int J Prosthodont; 2004; 17 (5): 544-564
Deppe H, Warmuth S, Heinrich A, Korner T:
Laser-assisted three-dimensional surface modifications of titanium implants: preliminary data.
Lasers Med Sci; 2005; 19 (4): 229-233
Junker R, Dimakis A, Thoneick M, Jansen JA:
Effects of implant surface coatings and composition on bone integration: a systematic review.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2009; 20 Suppl 4 185-206
Marchetti C, Pieri F, Corinaldesi G, Degidi M:
A Long-term Retrospective Study of Two Different Implant Surfaces Placed after Reconstruction of the Severely Resorbed Maxilla using Le Fort I Osteotomy and Interpositional Bone Grafting.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2008; 23 (5): 911-918
Nergiz I, Arpak N, Bostanci H, Scorziello TM, Schmage P:
Stability of loaded and unloaded implants with different surfaces.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2009; 24 (2): 289-298
Novaes AB, Jr., Papalexiou V, Grisi MF, Souza SS, Taba M, Jr., Kajiwara JK:
Influence of implant microstructure on the osseointegration of immediate implants placed in periodontally infected sites. A histomorphometric study in dogs.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2004; 15 (1): 34-43
Papalexiou V, Novaes AB, Grisi MF, Souza SS, Taba M, Kajiwara JK:
Influence of implant microstructure on the dynamics of bone healing around immediate implants placed into periodontally infected sites.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2004; 15 (1): 44-53
Rupp F, Scheideler L, Rehbein D, Axmann D, Geis-Gerstorfer J:
Roughness induced dynamic changes of wettability of acid etched titanium implant modifications.
Biomaterials; 2004; 25 (7-8): 1429-1438
Schicho K, Kastner J, Klingesberger R, Seemann R, Enislidis G, Undt G, Wanschitz F, Figl M, Wagner A, Ewers R:
Surface area analysis of dental implants using micro-computed tomography.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2007; 18 (4): 459-464
Stadlinger B, Pilling E, Mai R, Bierbaum S, Berhardt R, Scharnweber D, Eckelt U:
Effect of biological implant surface coatings on bone formation, applying collagen, proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans and growth factors.
J Mater Sci Mater Med; 2007;
Stadlinger B, Pilling E, Huhle M, Mai R, Bierbaum S, Scharnweber D, Kuhlisch E, Loukota R, Eckelt U:
Evaluation of osseointegration of dental implants coated with collagen, chondroitin sulphate and BMP-4: an animal study.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg; 2008; 37 (1): 54-59
Weibrich G, Streckbein P, Krummenauer F, Wagner W:
Clinical report with up to 4 years of follow-up on a cervically modified stepped screw-type implant.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2006; 21 (5): 795-800

5.2. Diameter and Length

Degidi M, Piattelli A, Iezzi G, Carinci F:
Immediately loaded short implants: analysis of a case series of 133 implants.
Quintessence Int; 2007; 38 (3): 193-201
Degidi M, Piattelli A, Carinci F:
Clinical outcome of narrow diameter implants: a retrospective study of 510 implants.
Journal of periodontology; 2008; 79 (1): 49-54
Krennmair G, Waldenberger O:
Clinical analysis of wide-diameter frialit-2 implants.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2004; 19 (5): 710-715

In-vitro experiments and FEM

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6.1. In-vitro experiments

Al-Ghafli SA, Michalakis KX, Hirayama H, Kang K:
The in vitro effect of different implant angulations and cyclic dislodgement on the retentive properties of an overdenture attachment system.
J Prosthet Dent; 2009; 102 (3): 140-147 [# 8930]
Gomez-Roman G, Lukas D, Beniashvili R, Schulte W:
Area-dependent enlargement ratios of panoramic tomography on orthograde patient positioning and its significance for implant dentistry.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 1999; 14 (2): 248-257 [# 1381]
Jansen VK, Conrads G, Richter EJ:
Microbial leakage and marginal fit of the implant-abutment interface.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 1997; 12 (4): 527-540 [# 1766]
Kreisler M, Al Haj H, Gotz H, Duschner H, d'Hoedt B:
Effect of simulated CO2 and GaAlAs laser surface decontamination on temperature changes in Ti-plasma sprayed dental implants.
Lasers Surg Med; 2002; 30 (3): 233-239 [# 2061]
Lachmann S, Laval JY, Jager B, Axmann D, Gomez-Roman G, Groten M, Weber H:
Resonance frequency analysis and damping capacity assessment. Part 2: peri-implant bone loss follow-up. An in vitro study with the Periotest and Osstell instruments.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2006; 17 (1): 80-84 [# 6507]
Lachmann S, Jager B, Axmann D, Gomez-Roman G, Groten M, Weber H:
Resonance frequency analysis and damping capacity assessment. Part I: an in vitro study on measurement reliability and a method of comparison in the determination of primary dental implant stability.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2006; 17 (1): 75-79 [# 2111]
Lee YJ, Heo SJ, Koak JY, Kim SK:
Accuracy of different impression techniques for internal-connection implants.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2009; 24 (5): 823-830 [# 9088]
Lorenzoni M, Pertl C, Penkner K, Polansky R, Sedaj B, Wegscheider WA:
Comparison of the transfer precision of three different impression materials in combination with transfer caps for the Frialit-2 system.
J Oral Rehabil; 2000; 27 (7): 629-638 [# 2249]
Nkenke E, Hahn M, Weinzierl K, Radespiel-Troger M, Neukam FW, Engelke K:
Implant stability and histomorphometry: a correlation study in human cadavers using stepped cylinder implants. Clin Oral Implants Res; 2003; 14 (5): 601-609 [# 6565]
Payer M, Kirmeier R, Jakse N, Pertl C, Wegscheider W, Lorenzoni M:
Surgical factors influencing mesiodistal implant angulation.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2008; 19 (3): 265-270 [# 7556]
Rupp F, Scheideler L, Rehbein D, Axmann D, Geis-Gerstorfer J:
Roughness induced dynamic changes of wettability of acid etched titanium implant modifications.
Biomaterials; 2004; 25 (7-8): 1429-1438 [# 7603]
Schicho K, Kastner J, Klingesberger R, Seemann R, Enislidis G, Undt G, Wanschitz F, Figl M, Wagner A, Ewers R:
Surface area analysis of dental implants using micro-computed tomography.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2007; 18 (4): 459-464 [# 7558]
Schulze RK, d'Hoedt B:
Mathematical analysis of projection errors in "paralleling technique" with respect to implant geometry.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2001; 12 (4): 364-371 [# 3441]
Steinebrunner L, Wolfart S, Bossmann K, Kern M:
In vitro evaluation of bacterial leakage along the implant-abutment interface of different implant systems.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2005; 20 (6): 875-881 [# 3621]
Wenz HJ, Hertrampf K:
Accuracy of impressions and casts using different implant impression techniques in a multi-implant system with an internal hex connection.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2008; 23 (1): 39-47 [# 5360]

6.2. Finite Elements Method (FEM)

Lin CL, Wang JC:
Nonlinear finite element analysis of a splinted implant with various connectors and occlusal forces.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2003; 18 (3): 331-340 [# 2203]
Lin CL, Chang SH, Wang JC:
Finite element analysis of biomechanical interactions of a tooth-implant splinting system for various bone qualities.
Chang Gung Med J; 2006; 29 (2): 143-153 [# 2202]
Lin CL, Chang SH, Wang JC, Chang WJ:
Mechanical interactions of an implant/tooth-supported system under different periodontal supports and number of splinted teeth with rigid and non-rigid connections.
J Dent; 2006; 34 (9): 682-691 [# 9073]
Lin CL, Wang JC, Kuo YC:
Numerical simulation on the biomechanical interactions of tooth/implant-supported system under various occlusal forces with rigid/non-rigid connections.
J Biomech; 2006; 39 (3): 453-463 [# 9074]
Lin CL, Wang JC, Chang WJ:
Biomechanical interactions in tooth-implant-supported fixed partial dentures with variations in the number of splinted teeth and connector type: a finite element analysis.
Clin Oral Implants Res; 2008; 19 (1): 107-117 [# 5216]
Lin CL, Wang JC, Ramp LC, Liu PR:
Biomechanical response of implant systems placed in the maxillary posterior region under various conditions of angulation, bone density, and loading.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants; 2008; 23 (1): 57-64 [# 6700]